The Igbo Apprenticeship Model and Practice: A Legal Examination of the Contractual Status of the "Nwa Boyi" in South-East Nigeria

Godswill Owoche Antai; Denis E. Okpong; Muwaffiq Jufri; Andrew Ikhayere Imiefoh; Ekpenisi Collins; Paul Atagamen Aidonojie

doi:10.58709/niujhu.v9i3.1958

Godswill Owoche Antai Kampala International University, Uganda
Denis E. Okpong Nigerian Navy
Muwaffiq Jufri Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia
Andrew Ikhayere Imiefoh University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
Ekpenisi Collins Kampala International University, Uganda
Paul Atagamen Aidonojie Kampala International University, Uganda

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58709/niujhu.v9i3.1958

Abstract

The Igbo Apprenticeship Model, known locally as the "Igba Boi" system, which have span over five centuries before the precolonial times serves as cornerstone of entrepreneurship and economic development within the Igbo community of South-East Nigeria. This traditional practice involves a young male apprentice, referred to as "Nwa Boyi," being trained under the guidance of a master trader or entrepreneur. The apprenticeship model is of great economic advantage to both the local Igbo community, the family of the young male apprentice who spend years learning business tactics and skills. Despite its significant socio-economic contributions, the "Igba Boi" system operates largely outside formal legal frameworks, raising questions about the contractual status and legal protections of the apprentices. This study examines how the Igbo apprenticeship model ("Nwa Boyi") fits within South-East Nigeria and its legal framework. Findings reveal challenges in contractual enforcement due to informal agreements. Using sociocultural theory, legal pluralism, and contract theory, the research highlights gaps between customary practices and statutory law, suggesting the need for legal reforms.

Keywords: Igbo, Apprenticeship, Nwa Boyi, Nigerian, Labor